We use cookies to enhance your experience on our website. By continuing to use our website, you are agreeing to our use of cookies. You can change your cookie settings at any time. Find out moreJump to Main NavigationJump to Content

Old English Leechdoms

Old English Leechdoms (a1150).
The 401st most frequently quoted source in the OED, with a total of 1094 quotations (about 0.03% of all OED quotations).

Total number of quotations1094Find quotations
Quotations providing first evidence of a word252Find quotations
Quotations providing first evidence of a particular meaning513Find quotations
LemmaDefinitionDate
ammeos= ammi n.1000Go To Quotation
amygdalAn almond. Obs.940Go To Quotation
ankleThe joint which connects the foot with the leg; the slender part of the leg between this joint and the calf.1000Go To Quotation
asearTo dry up, wither.1000Go To Quotation
asparagusA plant (Asparagus officinalis, family Liliaceæ) cultivated for the sake of its…1000Go To Quotation
asterionHerb. Name of a plant of doubtful identity.1000Go To Quotation
attercopA spider.1000Go To Quotation
atterlotheAn antidote to poison, an alexipharmic. Applied spec. to several different plants: see quot.1000Go To Quotation
atteryVenomous, poisonous.1000Go To Quotation
awheneTo vex, trouble.1000Go To Quotation
axleThe shoulder.1000Go To Quotation
balsamAn aromatic vegetable juice; = balm n. 1.1000Go To Quotation
batheliterally.1000Go To Quotation
beathTo foment, bathe with warm liquid.1000Go To Quotation
beathingFomentation; the heating of wood in order to render it flexible.1000Go To Quotation
beetA plant or genus of plants (family Chenopodiaceæ), having, in cultivation, a succulent…1000Go To Quotation
befiletrans. To make foul or dirty; to defile.1000Go To Quotation
besprengwith moisture or powder: To besprinkle, asperse.1000Go To Quotation
blainAn inflammatory swelling or sore on the surface of the body, often accompanied by…1000Go To Quotation
blithenessThe state of being blithe; joyousness, cheeriness, merriness, happiness. (orig. a synonym of bliss.)1000Go To Quotation
blowintr. To burst into flower; to blossom, bloom.1000Go To Quotation
blownIn bloom; that has blossomed. Cf. full-blown adj. at full adj. n. adv. 1c.1000Go To Quotation
brambleberryThe ‘berry’ or fruit of the bramble: a blackberry.1000Go To Quotation
breeA thick pottage made of meal, pulse, etc. Obs.1000Go To Quotation
brockA badger: a name, in later times, associated especially with the epithet stinking.1000Go To Quotation
brock? A horse, a trotting horse; an inferior horse, a jade.1000Go To Quotation
broomA shrub, Sarothamnus (or Cytisus) Scoparius (family Leguminosæ), bearing large…1000Go To Quotation
brownwortA name of the Water-Betony (Scrophularia aquatica), and perhaps other species of Scrophularia.1000Go To Quotation
bruisewortThe name of one or two different plants, esp. the Common Daisy. Cf. bone-wort n.1000Go To Quotation
bryonyprop. The English name of the plant-genus Bryonia (family Cucurbitaceæ); and spec. the…1000Go To Quotation
buck's-hornThe Virginia Sumach (Rhus typhina). Also buck's-horn plantain n. Plantago coronopus (see plantain…1449Go To Quotation
burstingThat bursts (see senses of the verb).999Go To Quotation
butterThe fatty substance obtained from cream by churning. It is chiefly used for spreading on…1000Go To Quotation
cammockThe plant Ononis spinosa (family Leguminosæ) also called Rest-harrow, and according…1000Go To Quotation
caulA cabbage. Also in comb. caul-stock, a cabbage-stalk, castock n.1000Go To Quotation
celidony= celandine n.1000Go To Quotation
chartaIn Old English form carta: Paper, letter. (Later only as Latin.) Obs.1000Go To Quotation
chicken-meatFood for chickens. Hence, an old name for various plants, including endive; now dial. for chickweed n.1000Go To Quotation
circleAstron. circle of altitude n. a small circle parallel to the horizon, having its pole…1000Go To Quotation
claryA labiate plant, Salvia Sclarea, a native of the south of Europe, Syria, etc.…1000Go To Quotation
cleaversThe climbing plant Galium Aparine or Goosegrass, which adheres by its minute hooked…1000Go To Quotation
cloamIn O.E. Mud, clay. Hence, in mod. dial. use: Earthenware, clay.1000Go To Quotation
clockintr. Applied to similar inarticulate sounds, made by the mouth, stomach, etc.1000Go To Quotation
cloffingA plant: see quots.1000Go To Quotation
cloveOne of the small bulbs which make up the compound bulb of garlic, shallot, etc.1000Go To Quotation
clovewortA (? bulbous) buttercup: see quot.1000Go To Quotation
coleA general name for various species of Brassica; now esp. Rape (B. napus); also applied to Sea-Kale (Crambe maritima).1000Go To Quotation
coleseedThe seed of the cabbage or its varieties.1000Go To Quotation
coliander= coriander n., q.v.1000Go To Quotation
coltsfootApplied to other plants allied to the preceding, e.g. fragrant coltsfoot n., sweet coltsfoot…1400Go To Quotation
consoundA herb to which healing virtues were attributed; the plant so called by the Romans…1000Go To Quotation
copperOne of the well-known metals, distinguished by its peculiar red colour; it is…1000Go To Quotation
cornIn horses' feet: A bruise of the sensitive parts of the heel, in the angle between the…1000Go To Quotation
costThe herb also called alecost n. or costmary n.1000Go To Quotation
cow-milkThe milk of the cow; now cow's milk, cows' milk.1000Go To Quotation
cowslipThe common name of Primula veris, a well-known wild plant in pastures and grassy…1000Go To Quotation
craveTo demand the presence of (a person) before a tribunal; to ‘appeal’, to summon; to prosecute. Obs.1000Go To Quotation
crockAn earthen pot, jar, or other vessel.1000Go To Quotation
crocusSaffron; the stigma of Crocus sativus. Obs. (In Old English croh.)1000Go To Quotation
crouch= cross n., in its various early senses: the holy cross, or a representation or figure of…1000Go To Quotation
crow-billA plant. Obs.1400Go To Quotation
dew-wormThe common earth-worm; in Old English a name of the disease ring-worm.1000Go To Quotation
dockWithout qualifying word usually the common dock (R. obtusifolius), well known as the popular antidote for nettle-stings.1000Go To Quotation
dotThe head of a boil. (Only Old English).1000Go To Quotation
doughA mass consisting of flour or meal moistened and kneaded into a paste, with or…1000Go To Quotation
dragonsA popular name of the dragonwort n., Dracunculus vulgaris (formerly Arum Dracunculus).1000Go To Quotation
driptrans. To let (a liquid) fall in drops; to let fall (drops; rarely other objects).1000Go To Quotation
drofTurbid, disturbed, troubled: physically or mentally.1000Go To Quotation
dwineintr. To waste or pine away; to decline in vigour, languish, fade, wither.1000Go To Quotation
elmThe name of well-known trees belonging to the genus Ulmus, esp., in England, the…1000Go To Quotation
evenlestenSome plant. (Cockayne's rendering ‘everlasting’ is due to mistaken etymology.)1000Go To Quotation
eye-bree= eyelid n. Obs.1000Go To Quotation
fane(See quots.)1000Go To Quotation
feltwortA name given to the Mullein (Verbascum thapsus).1000Go To Quotation
felwortGentiana lutea, and other species of gentian.1000Go To Quotation
fenugreekA leguminous plant (Trigonella Fœnum Græcum) cultivated for its seeds, which are used by farriers.1000Go To Quotation
feverThe generic name of a group of diseases agreeing in the above general characteristics…1000Go To Quotation
fille? = chervil n.1000Go To Quotation
filmA membrane, animal or vegetable. Obs.1000Go To Quotation
five-fingerLotus corniculatus.1000Go To Quotation
five-leafThe plant cinquefoil (Potentilla reptans).1000Go To Quotation
flesh-wormA worm that feeds on flesh. Also (see quot. 1884.)1000Go To Quotation
fnastBreath.1000Go To Quotation
fnastintr. To breathe hard, pant; also quasi- trans. to breathe out (fire).1000Go To Quotation
font-waterWater used in baptism.1000Go To Quotation
fosterFood, nourishment.1000Go To Quotation
foxgloveThe popular name of Digitalis purpurea, a common ornamental flowering plant.1000Go To Quotation
fremefulAdvantageous; profitable; beneficial, beneficent.1000Go To Quotation
furtheringThe action of further v.1000Go To Quotation
gaiterA name properly belonging to the Dogwood (Cornus sanguinea), but in various districts…1000Go To Quotation
galbane= galbanum n. 1.1000Go To Quotation
galeThe bog-myrtle, Myrica Gale (the modern Latin specific name is adopted from English); also called sweet gale.1000Go To Quotation
gallOriginally, a painful swelling, pustule, or blister, esp. in a horse (cf. windgall n.).…1000Go To Quotation
galledSore from chafing. Often preceded by some defining word, as harness-galled, saddle-galled, spur-galled, trace-galled.1000Go To Quotation
gallocThe plant comfrey (Symphytum officinale).1000Go To Quotation
garlicA plant of the genus Allium (usually A. sativum) having a bulbous root, a very strong smell, and an acrid, pungent taste.1000Go To Quotation
gentianAny plant belonging to the genus Gentiana (cf. felwort n.); esp. G. lutea, the…1000Go To Quotation
gingerThe rhizome of the tropical plant Zingiber officinale, remarkable for its hot spicy…1000Go To Quotation
gladiolusAny plant of the iridaceous genus Gladiolus, having sword-shaped leaves and spikes…1000Go To Quotation
glowingThat is in a glow from the action of heat; burning, incandescent.1000Go To Quotation
goodintr. To become better, improve; to get better.1000Go To Quotation
goundFoul matter, esp. that secreted in the eye.1000Go To Quotation
grazeintr. Chiefly of cattle: To feed on growing grass and other herbage.1000Go To Quotation
greatwortIn Middle English, Elecampane, Inula Helenium.1000Go To Quotation
groatsHulled, or hulled and crushed grain of various kinds, chiefly oats, but also wheat…1099Go To Quotation
hairifA widely-diffused popular name of Cleavers or Goose-grass, Galium Aparine.1000Go To Quotation
half-deadIn a state in which death seems as likely as recovery; in a state of extreme exhaustion or prostration from sickness or fatigue.1000Go To Quotation
halswortlit. Throatwort: a name app. given in Old English times to different plants…1000Go To Quotation
hammerwortThe Wall-pellitory.1000Go To Quotation
hardintr. To be or become hard. lit. and fig.1000Go To Quotation
hardbeamThe hornbeam n., Carpinus Betulus.1000Go To Quotation
harmalaWild rue, Peganum Harmala, a plant native to Southern Europe and Asia Minor. Also attrib.…1000Go To Quotation
hart-cloverA name for Melilot.1000Go To Quotation
hartshornThe horn or antler of a hart; the substance obtained by rasping, slicing, or calcining…1000Go To Quotation
hazelenOf or pertaining to the hazel.1000Go To Quotation
headacheAn ache or continuous pain, more or less deep-seated, in the cranial region of the head.1000Go To Quotation
head-warkPain in the head, headache. Cf. dial. belly-wark.1000Go To Quotation
heart-achePain in the heart; formerly = heartburn n. 2.1000Go To Quotation
heath-berryA name vaguely applied to various berries growing on heaths, esp. the Bilberry and Crowberry.1000Go To Quotation
heldeAn old name of Tansy.1000Go To Quotation
heliotropeA name given to plants of which the flowers turn so as to follow the sun; in early times…1000Go To Quotation
hen-eggThe egg of a hen.1000Go To Quotation
holk? A hollow, cavity.1000Go To Quotation
horehoundA labiate herb, Marrubium vulgare, having stem and leaves covered with white…1000Go To Quotation
hound's-tongueThe genus Cynoglossum of boraginaceous plants, esp. the species C. officinale; also called Dog's-tongue.1000Go To Quotation
hoveThe name of some plant, considered by an early glossator to be a ‘viola’ or violet…1000Go To Quotation
huelessColourless, pallid.1000Go To Quotation
huntA hunter; a huntsman. (In quot. 1000, a hunting-spider.) Common Hunt: see quot. 1707.1000Go To Quotation
inwardly= inward adj. Obs.1000Go To Quotation
i-ponetrans. To pound.1000Go To Quotation
i-stretchetrans. To stretch, spread.1000Go To Quotation
itchintr. To have or feel irritation of the skin, such as causes an inclination to scratch…1000Go To Quotation
itchingThat has or is characterized by a feeling of irritation in the skin; itchy.1000Go To Quotation
ivy-leafA leaf of ivy; †taken as the type of a thing of little value. to pipe in (with) an ivy-leaf (fig.…1000Go To Quotation
kichelA small cake.1000Go To Quotation
knee-hollyA name of Butcher's Broom (Ruscus aculeatus).1000Go To Quotation
lantUrine, esp. stale urine used for various industrial purposes, chamber-lye.1000Go To Quotation
lapintr. To take up liquid with the tongue. In Old English const. on, in early modern English in. Obs.1000Go To Quotation
latherA froth or foam made by the agitation of a mixture of soap and water.1000Go To Quotation
laverA water-plant mentioned by Pliny; = Greek σίον. Obs.1000Go To Quotation
leech-fingerThe finger next to the little finger.1000Go To Quotation
leekA culinary herb, Allium Porrum (family Liliaceæ), allied to the onion, but differing from…799Go To Quotation
leernessEmptiness.1000Go To Quotation
LentenSpring; = Lent n. 1.1000Go To Quotation
LideThe month of March.1000Go To Quotation
linseedThe seed of flax, well known as the source of linseed-oil, and as a medicament.…1000Go To Quotation
lireFlesh, muscle, brawn.1000Go To Quotation
listlyCunningly, craftily, deftly.1000Go To Quotation
lithwortDwarf elder, Sambucus Ebulus.1000Go To Quotation
lordswikeA deceiver of his lord; a traitor.1000Go To Quotation
lungwortHieracium murorum, also called French lungwort, golden lungwort. Obs.1000Go To Quotation
luvestiche= lovage n.1000Go To Quotation
middayThe middle of the day; the time when the sun is at its highest point in the sky, noon. Also fig.999Go To Quotation
potA relatively deep vessel (typically with a cylindrical or otherwise rounded body and…1075Go To Quotation
Quicunque vultThe Athanasian Creed, so called from its opening words quicumque vult (see the etymology). Also fig. and in allusive use.1050Go To Quotation
rootThe persistent underground part of a plant (see sense 2) used for eating or (esp. formerly)…1075Go To Quotation
sandyOf the nature of sand; composed of or containing a large proportion of sand.1000Go To Quotation
satureie= savory n.1000Go To Quotation
scammonyA gum-resin obtained from the tuberus roots of Convolvulus Scammonia (see sense 2)…1000Go To Quotation
sea-waterThe water of the sea, or water taken from the sea.1000Go To Quotation
sengreenThe houseleek, Sempervivum tectorum.1000Go To Quotation
shadowingThe act of casting a shadow upon something; obscuration of light; quasi- concr. shadows…1000Go To Quotation
shareThe division or fork of the body; the pubic region, groin.1000Go To Quotation
shootingOf pain: Sharp and sudden, darting, lancinating. Also of a diseased part, a corn, etc. (see shoot v. 5).1000Go To Quotation
shortintr. To grow short or shorter.1000Go To Quotation
shrimintr. and pass. To shrink or shrivel; now chiefly in pa. pple., chilled, benumbed.1000Go To Quotation
shrinkTo wither or shrivel through withdrawal of vital fluid or failure of strength. Obs.1000Go To Quotation
sicheA sigh.1000Go To Quotation
sickleintr. To be or fall ill, to sicken.1000Go To Quotation
sigalderA charm or incantation.1000Go To Quotation
sion= laver n. 1.1000Go To Quotation
sipeintr. Of water or other liquid: To percolate or ooze through; to drip or trickle slowly; to soak.1000Go To Quotation
slipA soft semi-liquid mass. Obs.1000Go To Quotation
smeethtrans. To make smooth. Also absol.1000Go To Quotation
snedeA small piece, morsel.1000Go To Quotation
snowyOf weather, time, etc.: Characterized by the presence or prevalence of snow.1000Go To Quotation
soakTo lie immersed in a liquid for a considerable time, so as to be saturated or permeated…1000Go To Quotation
soapA substance formed by the combination of certain oils and fats with alkaline bases, and…1000Go To Quotation
soptrans. To dip, soak, or steep (bread, etc.) in some liquid. Also absol.1000Go To Quotation
sopeA draught; a small amount of drink, etc.; a sup.1000Go To Quotation
spearwortElecampane (Inula helenium). Obs.1000Go To Quotation
spelkA surgical splint.1000Go To Quotation
spelktrans. To fasten with a spelk; esp. to bind or join (a broken limb, bone, etc.) by means of splints.1000Go To Quotation
spireA stalk or stem of a plant, esp. one of a tall and slender growth. Now rare.999Go To Quotation
stickA short piece of wood, esp. a piece cut and shaped for a special purpose, usually…1000Go To Quotation
stillto stand still. (Sometimes merely a more explicit synonym of the vb. stand n. 4.)1000Go To Quotation
stonecropThe common name of Sedum acre (N.O. Crassulaceæ), a herb with bright yellow flowers…1000Go To Quotation
stud-horseA stallion kept for breeding.1000Go To Quotation
summerlyOf or pertaining to summer; taking place in summer. Obs.1000Go To Quotation
sun-stead= solstice n. 1.1000Go To Quotation
swallowtrans. To take into the stomach through the throat and gullet, as food or drink. In early…1000Go To Quotation
swanwortA book-name for the genus Cycnoches: = swan-flower n., swan-plant n. (a) at swan n. 2, swan-neck n. 3.1000Go To Quotation
swevenintr. To dream.1000Go To Quotation
swillingWashing, etc. (see swill v. 1).1000Go To Quotation
swinkTrouble, affliction. Obs. rare.1000Go To Quotation
swowingSwooning.1000Go To Quotation
tarseThe penis.1000Go To Quotation
tearingThat sheds tears; tearful.1000Go To Quotation
teasetrans. To separate or pull asunder the fibres of; to comb or card (wool, flax, etc.)…1000Go To Quotation
thawtrans. To reduce (a frozen substance, as ice or snow) to a liquid state by raising…1000Go To Quotation
thereofOf that or it: in various current senses of of v.1000Go To Quotation
thimbleA sheath or covering for the thumb or finger; a fingerstall. Obs. (Only Old English.)1000Go To Quotation
thinnessfig. Deficiency, poverty, meagreness, feebleness; lack of depth or fullness.1000Go To Quotation
thinningThe action of thin v., in various senses; reduction or decrease in thickness…1000Go To Quotation
thirdendealThe third part of anything; a third.1000Go To Quotation
thirstThe uneasy or painful sensation caused by want of drink; also, the physical condition resulting from this want.1000Go To Quotation
thost(eDung, excrement; a turd.1000Go To Quotation
to-flyintr. To fly in different directions, to be dispersed in flight; also, to fly to pieces, be shattered.1000Go To Quotation
trayA utensil of the form of a flat board with a raised rim, or of a shallow box without a lid…1000Go To Quotation
treddleA pellet of sheep's or goat's dung: usually in pl.1000Go To Quotation
treenMade of ‘tree’ (tree n. 2); wooden. Obs. exc. dial.1000Go To Quotation
trifletrans. To beat or trample down (standing corn or grass).1000Go To Quotation
TuesnightThe night before Tuesday, Monday night.1050Go To Quotation
tunhoofThe herb Ground Ivy (Nepeta glechoma).1000Go To Quotation
turdA lump or piece of excrement; also, excrement, ordure.1000Go To Quotation
tuscle= tusk n. 1.1000Go To Quotation
undergotrans. To work under, so as to impair or destroy; to undermine. Obs.1000Go To Quotation
unfeelingHaving no feeling or sensation, insensible; fig. not sensitive to impressions, etc.1000Go To Quotation
ungoodNot good; evil, bad; wicked.1000Go To Quotation
unhallowedNot formally hallowed or consecrated; left secular or profane.1000Go To Quotation
unsoddenUnboiled, uncooked.1000Go To Quotation
unwashen= unwashed adj. n. Also fig.1000Go To Quotation
upstandingStanding up; erect.1000Go To Quotation
VirgoThe sixth sign of the zodiac, which the sun enters about Aug. 20–3.999Go To Quotation
wall-hotBoiling hot. Also fig. fervent. Cf. walm-hot at walm n. 5.1000Go To Quotation
waningOf the moon.1000Go To Quotation
warkintr. To ache, suffer pain; to throb painfully. (In Old English impers. with accus., like Latin dolet.)999Go To Quotation
warmWarmly; so as to be warm.1000Go To Quotation
warnabsol.999Go To Quotation
waterwortIn early use identified with maidenhair n. (i.e. either Adiantum Capillus-Veneris or Asplenium Trichomanes, or both). Obs.1000Go To Quotation
waxenMade of wax.1000Go To Quotation
weeseintr. To ooze, drip or distil gently.1000Go To Quotation
welltrans. To boil (a liquid, ingredients, etc.).999Go To Quotation
well-cressWater-cress, Nasturtium officinale.1000Go To Quotation
well-waterWater issuing, or drawn, from a well or spring.1000Go To Quotation
wenPathol. A sebaceous cystic tumour under the skin, occurring chiefly on the head.1000Go To Quotation
wharveThe whorl of a spindle.1000Go To Quotation
wheat-cornA grain of wheat.1000Go To Quotation
wheatmealMeal or flour of wheat. Also attrib.1000Go To Quotation
whiteThe translucent viscous fluid surrounding the yolk of an egg, which becomes white…1000Go To Quotation
wifthingA wedding, nuptial ceremony.1000Go To Quotation
withbindA name for certain plants having pliant stems.1000Go To Quotation
withwindBindweed, Convolvulus arveniss or C. sepium; also C. Soldanella (Sea Withwind: see sea n.…1000Go To Quotation
witlessMentally deficient or deranged; out of one's wits, crazy, lunatic. †Also, stupefied, dazed.1000Go To Quotation
wolfenA she-wolf.1000Go To Quotation
wolf's-headThe head of a wolf; a figure of this, e.g. as a heraldic bearing.1000Go To Quotation
woodruffA low-growing herb (Asperula odorata, N.O. Rubiaceæ) found in woods in Britain…1000Go To Quotation
woodwax= woodwaxen n.1000Go To Quotation
wormeteWorm-eaten.1000Go To Quotation
ybet(teamended; improved; kindled.1000Go To Quotation
yeastA yellowish substance produced as a froth or as a sediment during the alcoholic…1000Go To Quotation
yolkyContaining ‘yolk’; greasy with yolk, as unwashed wool.1000Go To Quotation

Back to top

The top one thousand authors and works cited in the OED

The Sources page contains details about the most frequently cited authors and works in the OED.

Use the search box to search for any of these sources by author name or work title.

Click on any of the author names or work titles for more information and links to dictionary entries.

Click on the column headings to order the top one thousand sources by date, number of quotations, and first evidence for word or sense.